The traditional village buildings are prone to fire and death, so it is important to determine a reasonable evacuation path to improve evacuation efficiency and ensure personnel safety. Based on the above problems, this paper establishes the optimal evacuation route planning method considering the impact of road terrain, crowd gathering and fire heat radiation on the evacuation environment based on the shortest path algorithm. This method establishes fire scenarios based on FDS, determines the value of each evacuation environment influencing factor and obtains the equivalent length weighting matrix of roads under fire conditions, and uses Dijkstra algorithm to calculate the optimal evacuation path under fire scenarios. Combined with a village, calculate the best evacuation path of each building in the building group under fire, propose improvement suggestions for the path with long equivalent length, and use evacuation simulation software to analyze and verify the evacuation effect of the modified path, and finally obtain the best evacuation path of all buildings. The results show that the method accords with the actual evacuation road situation, and can effectively determine the best evacuation route of traditional village buildings under fire.

fire, building group, evacuation, path planning, shortest path algorithm