Study on fire spreading law of lithium-ion battery in storage shelf

Abstract

Abstract: The numerical simulation of lithium-ion battery fires in storage shelf was conducted using PyroSim software. The law of fire spread under different positions was analyzed, and corresponding fire prevention strategies were proposed. Firstly, the simulation model of the lithium-ion battery was established and verified, which was used to carry out the numerical investigation of the lithium-ion battery fires in storage shelf under different fire positions. The start time of spray, extinguishing time of fires, number of lithium-ion battery packs burned out, temperature and CO concentration were analyzed. Then, fire prevention strategies were developed based on the law of fire spread. The fire spread suppression effect of no flame baffle, flame baffles installed on the left and right sides of lithium battery pack and four sides of lithium battery pack were compared. The result showed that the lower the fire position in the four-layer shelf, the more lithium-ion battery packs burned out, and the higher the concentration of CO released in the fire. The duration of CO released was 54% more when the bottom of shelf was on fire than when the top of shelf was on fire. Among the different fire protection methods, the flame baffles installed on the left and right sides of the lithium battery pack had the best flame suppression effect.

Key words: lithium-ion battery, fire, storage shelf, numerical simulation, fire protection

Jiang Ji, Liu Qiang, Wang Zhixing, Xie Xiaomin. Study on fire spreading law of lithium-ion battery in storage shelf[J]. Fire Science and Technology, 2023, 42(4): 471-476.

[1]	Liu Bingxi, Ma Chang, Zhang Jin, Zhuo Ping, Li Fumin, Bi Xiaoyang. Research on the application of acoustic emission technology in monitoring and early warning of thermal runaway of lithium⁃ion batteries [J]. Fire Science and Technology, 2026, 45(6): 1-7.
[2]	Zhang Boya, Xing Zhixiang, Liu Yecheng, Han Han. Research on early warning of thermal runaway of lithium-ion battery at different state of charge based on multi-parameter coupling [J]. Fire Science and Technology, 2026, 45(6): 19-26.
[3]	Zhang Jin, Ma Chang, Liu Bingxi, Zhuo Ping. Research on monitoring and early warning technology for thermal runaway of lithium-ion battery based on strain parameters [J]. Fire Science and Technology, 2026, 45(6): 27-33.
[4]	Sun Peng, Fan Hongkai, Wang Yichao, Geng Xuewen, Gao Zhiyuan. Research on tiered early warning and prevention-control strategies for thermal runaway in lithium-ion battery energy storage units [J]. Fire Science and Technology, 2026, 45(6): 34-42.
[5]	Li Changhao, Zhang Dongsheng, Zhang Guangtai, Cao Yuancheng, Cheng Qi, 6. Built-in sensing technologies for early warning systems in lithium-ion battery fires [J]. Fire Science and Technology, 2026, 45(6): 43-48.
[6]	Jia Boyan, Cai Ziwen, Zhang Guowei, Ouyang Chenliang. Study on the inhibitory effect of insulation materials on lithium iron phosphate batteries thermal runaway [J]. Fire Science and Technology, 2026, 45(6): 62-67.
[7]	Cai Fakui, Zhang Chao. Study on the whole process of firefighting in lithium-ion battery energy storage power stations [J]. Fire Science and Technology, 2026, 45(6): 68-72.
[8]	Bai Xiaojun, Ren Haiping, Gong Hui, Zhao Zhuoyi, Liu Hang. Research on fire hazard classification of common solid nitrates [J]. Fire Science and Technology, 2026, 45(6): 73-78.
[9]	Zhang Zhonghua, Liu Jiang, Liu Lei, Wu Ke, Zhang Tianhang. A deep learning framework for real-time reconstruction of tunnel fire temperature fields： model design and deployment [J]. Fire Science and Technology, 2026, 45(6): 79-89.
[10]	Wang Ning, Li Zhixin, Ma Jianming. Research on on-site testing methods of centralized control emergency lighting and evacuation indication system [J]. Fire Science and Technology, 2026, 45(6): 90-95.
[11]	Feng Tao, Ma Panwen, He Lu, Zhu Guoqing. Study on fire smoke spread patterns in TOD crystal canyon under thermal barrier effect [J]. Fire Science and Technology, 2026, 45(6): 96-104.
[12]	Zhao Qingsong, Ma Jianqin, Wang Haoxuan, Hua Zhichao, Wang Sai, Yang Fan. Comparative study on droplet characteristics and fire extinguishing performance of perfluorohexanone and perfluoroheptanone for local application [J]. Fire Science and Technology, 2026, 45(6): 105-111.
[13]	Zhang Kai, Wang Xishi, Ni Xiaomin, Tao Ruiqing, Wang Wenjie, Kong Shuai. Cooling effect and influence mechanisms of PEO-containing water-based fire extinguishing agent droplets on high-temperature surfaces [J]. Fire Science and Technology, 2026, 45(6): 112-121.
[14]	Zhang Yuchen, He Cheng. Forest fire distribution and forecasting model in Yunnan Province based on satellite monitoring hotspots [J]. Fire Science and Technology, 2026, 45(6): 122-127.
[15]	Shi Kuan, You Zheng, Bai Ye, Qi Fangzhong, Wu Yingda, Gong Dapeng, Yuan Binhao, Shang Mingbao. Research on the application of CO₂-based spectral LiDAR detection in forest fire identification [J]. Fire Science and Technology, 2026, 45(6): 128-135.

Study on fire spreading law of lithium-ion battery in storage shelf

PDF (PC)

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

References

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments