Research on the application of liquid water-based medium in battery thermal runaway suppression

Fire Science and Technology ›› 2026, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (1): 83-89.

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Research on the application of liquid water-based medium in battery thermal runaway suppression

Yuan Bingqing¹, Chen Liang¹, Zhang Xubao¹, Luo Fei¹, Li Ji²

(1. Three Gorges Renewables(Qingyun) Co., Ltd., Dezhou Shandong 253705, China; 2. CORNEX New Energy Co., Ltd., Wuhan Hubei 430050, China)

Received:2024-09-18 Revised:2024-10-29 Online:2026-01-15 Published:2026-01-15

Abstract

Abstract: To explore whether the application of liquid water-based medium in battery thermal runaway suppression through immersion would cause secondary disasters and its actual effect on lithium battery thermal runaway suppression, this paper designed a long-term immersion test of a fully charged 1P9S-280 Ah series battery module in liquid water-based medium, as well as the suppression of thermal runaway propagation using liquid water-based medium. The results showed that an 840~8 370 kΩ resistance was formed between the positive and negative terminals of the battery after immersion in liquid water-based medium, indicating weak discharge of the battery in this medium and no risk of secondary disasters. Following the application of liquid water-based medium, the maximum temperature during the battery thermal runaway of the 1P9S-280 Ah battery series module was 398.1 ℃, and the maximum temperature of adjacent batteries was 125.6 ℃, demonstrating the significant suppression effect of liquid water-based medium on battery thermal runaway intensity and propagation.

Key words: liquid water-based medium, battery, thermal runaway, immersion, thermal diffusion；suppression

Yuan Bingqing, Chen Liang, Zhang Xubao, Luo Fei, Li Ji. Research on the application of liquid water-based medium in battery thermal runaway suppression[J]. Fire Science and Technology, 2026, 45(1): 83-89.

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Research on the application of liquid water-based medium in battery thermal runaway suppression

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