Abstract: To explore the temperature characteristics of lateral openings during multi-formation subway train fires, a full-scale FDS numerical model was constructed and verified with scaled-down and previous experimental data. Different train formation numbers and fire source powers were set, considering two typical fire source positions (middle part/end). Results show that when the fire source is at the center of train, the maximum temperature rise at the opening occurs at the top of openings on both sides adjacent to the fire source, and it decreases as the number of formation increases. When the fire source is at the train end, affected by the unbalanced pressure on both sides, the fire source tilts towards the proximal side. At this time, the maximum temperature rise appears at the top of the lateral opening near the fire source end. Based on the M-Q-H model, a prediction model for the maximum temperature rise at the lateral openings of multi-marshaled subway trains was constructed. This model can output quantitative data for fire prevention and offer reference for the subsequent establishment of a two-dimensional temperature field model of the openings.

Key words: subway train fire, opening maximum temperature rise, subway train formation, subway train length, prediction model