Abstract: The cargo in civil aircraft cargo holds is diverse. In case of a fire, the smoke spreads rapidly and is highly toxic, which seriously endangers aircraft operation, fuselage safety and personnel safety. Focusing on the law of fire smoke spread in civil aircraft cargo holds, this paper builds a typical cargo hold test platform. Based on the background of a cargo hold ground fire of an aircraft, it focuses on studying the fire development and smoke spread laws under different fire ignition positions and different opening/closing states of the cargo hold door. The research conclusions are of great significance for mastering the law of smoke spread in civil aircraft ground fires, and can help to formulate more effective emergency responses and fire prevention and control measures.

Key words: aircraft cargo hold, fire smoke, smoke diffusion, fire plume