Abstract: In order to accurately analyze the occurrence and development process of electrical fires, investigate the causes of fires in depth, design and build a fault simulation experimental platform, the load data and event record changes collected by intelligent energy meters during line faults were analyzed by simulating 6 electrical fault modes. The relevant laws between changes in electrical parameters and different electrical faults were studied. The results show that by extracting and analyzing the load data and event records collected by smart energy meters, it is possible to infer the type of electrical equipment usage, time axis and electrical faults at the fire scene. Combined with investigation and inquiry, on-site traces, technical identification, and simulation experiments, the complete process of the occurrence and development of electrical fires can be traced, providing strong data support for the investigation of the causes of electrical fires.

Key words: fire investigation, electrical malfunction, intelligent energy meters, event record