Abstract: Fire and rescue services are now routinely confronted with "all-hazards, comprehensive emergency response" tasks. Training bases below the provincial level, however, remain spatially scattered, functionally overlapping, and weakly combat-oriented, constituting a bottleneck for sustained improvement of operational capability. Based on questionnaire and field surveys, and drawing on domestic standards and the practices of HKSAR, Jiangsu, Sichuan, and Yunnan provinces, this paper proposes a provincial-level training-base system from three perspectives: layout, design , and operation. A three-tier "1+N+X" architecture is advanced: brigade-level flagship as the leading force, regional hubs as the fulcrum, and specialized satellites as the supplement. Facilities are designed intensively through "multi-scenario combinations plus intelligent assessment", while a long-term mechanism of "saturated rotation, certified instructors, and strengthened support" is established. The approach remedies functional imbalance, low-quality facilities and instructor shortages. The system can be implemented through "regional planning, intensive construction, and saturated utilization", shifting training resources from fragmented input to systemic efficiency. The model is replicable for the professional and specialized development of fire and rescue services and offers direct support for enhancing core combat effectiveness.

Key words: fire protection, provincial training base, training system, training facilities, firefighting and rescue