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15 September 2020, Volume 39 Issue 9 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Experimental study on the spontaneous combustion characteristics of typical accumulated combustible dust MENG Shuang, REN Chang-xing, ZHANG Yan, ZHANG Xin, WANG Li 2020, 39 (9):  1194-1197.  Abstract ( 2025 )   The experimental study on the spontaneous combustion characteristics of typical lignite and wood powder under the condition of stacking was carried out by using the standard stack dust natural temperature measuring device.This paper analyzes the characteristics of temperature and time changes of combustible dust accumulation and spontaneous combustion under natural ventilation, and defines the criteria basis and measurement method of accumulation and spontaneous combustion.The experimental results show that the spontaneous combustion temperature of large volume of dust can be predicted based on the measurement of the volume of accumulated dust: the larger the volume of accumulated dust is, the lower the spontaneous combustion temperature is; at the same temperature, the larger the volume of accumulated dust is, the more unstable the accumulated dust is. This study can provide experimental data support for the prevention and control of spontaneous combustion fire and accident investigation of accumulated dust. Related Articles | Metrics

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Pyrolysis and combustion of para aramid and flame retardant viscose fiber ZHU Fang-long, LI Xin, FENG Qian-qian 2020, 39 (9):  1198-1201.  Abstract ( 1899 )   Using microscale thermogravimeter TG and micro calorimeter MCC, the pyrolysis and combustion characteristics of aramid 1414, flame retardant viscose fiber and the mixed materials were analyzed. The synergistic effect of co pyrolysis and combustion process was investigated. Results showed that, the co pyrolysis was mainly divided into the first stage of pyrolysis of flame retardant viscose fiber and second stage of pyrolysis of aramid 1414. With the increase of flame retardant viscose content, the mixing moved the first stage of initial thermal decomposition temperature forward, and the second stage of initial thermal decomposition temperature backward. The difference between HRR experimental data and calculation result of MCC showed that the 3 kinds of mixed fiber materials of aramid/viscose being 50/50, 35/65, 25/75 have negative synergistic effect of pyrolysis at the pHRR1 peak region, and all of the 5 kinds of mixed materials have positive synergistic effect of pyrolysis, with the synergistic effect of pyrolysis of aramid/viscose 35/65 being the weakest. Root mean square and oxygen index proved that of all the mixed materials, aramid/viscose 35/65 has weak synergistic effect of pyrolysis, and is more suitable for blended fabric of flame retardant protective clothing from the perspective of flame retardant. Related Articles | Metrics

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Design and research of charging protection system of electric bicycle LEI lei, LV Ya-bing 2020, 39 (9):  1202-1205.  Abstract ( 1899 )   Taking lead-acid battery (VRLA) as the research object,the charging protection system based on single-chip microcomputer was designed for the cause of fire and explosion of the battery. Fire reason of battery during charging was analyzed.The software and hardware were introduced.The single-chip system based on Proteus 7 was simulated. Simulation results showed that, the charging protection system based on singlechip can achieve the automatic power off and alarm function when no less than 2 main runaway happen. The protection system can protect the charging process from the fire, and can provide reference for study on battery charging protection system. Related Articles | Metrics

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Fire resistance of concrete-filled steel tubular column to composite beam frames with blind bolted connections XIANG Kai, QU Yi-ming, PAN Yan-chong, SONG Tian-yi 2020, 39 (9):  1206-1210.  Abstract ( 1801 )   In order to clarify fire performance of concrete filled steel tubular (CFST) column to composite beam frames with blind bolted connections, the finite element method was used to analyze the temperature field and fire resistance limit of circular CFST column to composite beam frames with blind bolted connections. The fire condition was ISO 834 standard heating curve. The research results show that the simplified blind bolted model could effectively analyze the fire resistance of circular CFST column to composite beam frame. The meshing method of CFST column cross section had little influence on the fire resistance limit of CFST column to composite beam frame. When the blind bolt connection was reliable, the failure modes of CFST column to composite beam frame reaching the fire resistance limit were mainly column failure mode and composite beam failure mode. Related Articles | Metrics

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Experimental study on the fire resistance of assembled steel structure columns protected by light fireproof materials HUANG Yi-liang, PENG Lei, CUI Hai-hao 2020, 39 (9):  1211-1215.  Abstract ( 1771 )   In order to study the fire resistance of prefabricated steel columns，the fire resistance tests of steel columns with different wall thickness under different fire protection methods, different load ratios, axial or eccentric forces were designed. The experimental phenomena and failure patterns of steel columns in assembly buildings under fire protection are analyzed.The influence of steel column wall thickness on temperature rise, fire protection on fire resistance limit, deformation curve of steel column and fire resistance limit were discussed. The suggestions on fire protection of assembled steel structures are put forward. Related Articles | Metrics

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Simulation research on evacuation of university gymnasium WANG Yang, ZHU Guo-qing, ZHOU Jin-ju, CHAI Guo-qiang, 2020, 39 (9):  1215-1218.  Abstract ( 1930 )   In order to study the evacuation rules of gymnasiums, a university gymnasium was taken as the research object. Two evacuation simulation softwares, Pathfinder and STEPS, were used for simulation. Based on the reasonable hypothesis and parameter setting, the evacuation of full audience situation in the gymnasium was simulated, and the influence of the number of spectators on the evacuation time was studied. The simulation results of the two softwares are similar. The results showed that: people tend to be congested in the stand area, evacuation stairs and exits during the evacuation; the utilization ratio of the exit is quite different; the evacuation time and the number of visitors show a significant linear relationship when the number exceeds a certain amount. Finally, by comparing the simulation results with the calculation results of empirical formula, it is concluded that if the details need to be considered and the evacuation process needs to be further studied, the computer simulation method should be preferred, otherwise the empirical formula method is more convenient and efficient. Related Articles | Metrics

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The quantitative analysis of mesoscopic pedestrian dynamic model considering conformity TAN Xiao, CHEN Wei-ke 2020, 39 (9):  1219-1221.  Abstract ( 1758 )   In order to quantify the psychological factors in the evacuation process, the theory of relying on psychology and active particle dynamics in the project are combined to expand the direction of speed selection under the micro- scale of the mesodynamic model. Under the independent condition of one-dimensional space and time, the basic graph curve of average velocity and density was calculated, and the rationality of the model is verified by empirical data. Based on the quantitative management strategy of the basic graph curve, the evacuation characteristics under the conditions of relying on psychological parameters and site quality parameters were given, and the optimal site density range was determined by the average speed according to the numerical simulation results. The best evacuation effect was determined when the degree of psychological dependence was β∈[0.6,0.8]，α=1，ρ/ρmax≤0.4. Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on the influence of different fire sources on the evacuation of underground utility tunnel ZHAI Yue, XU Fu-shun, ZONG Yan-yan, MA Xiao-bin, HOU Ya-nan, BO Jie 2020, 39 (9):  1222-1240.  Abstract ( 1876 )   In order to solve the problem of casualties caused by fire accidents in the construction process of underground comprehensive pipe gallery,taking the construction site of an underground comprehensive pipe corridor in Xi'an as an example, numerical simulation study on related fire scenarios and personnel evacuation was carried out. The change of parameters such as temperature, flue gas concentration and visibility at each measuring point in the integrated pipe corridor was studied by setting different fire source position to simulate the fire process. The time that each parameter reaches the critical value first is taken as the available evacuation time TASET.The evacuation situation in the same scene was simulated to get the necessary evacuation time TRSET. Whether the personnel in different fire sources can be evacuated safely was determined through the comparison of two evacuation times. Two kinds of optimization evacuation plan were proposed to improve the evacuation rate on the basis of the research. Related Articles | Metrics

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Leakage risk analysis and safety countermeasures of tank truck in vehicle parking lot for dangerous goods CAO Yu, TIAN Hong 2020, 39 (9):  1227-1232.  Abstract ( 1914 )   Aiming at the safety problems caused by the tank car leakage in the vehicle parking lot for dangerous goods, the Event Tree Analysis was used to analyze the possible types of accidents, and it’s turned out that the key accident type is pool fire. Taking the example of a benzene tanker, ALOHA and PHAST software were used to quantitatively analyze the influence of external environment (wind speed, atmospheric stability,air humidity) and initial conditions (height above ground of leakage point, diameter of leakage hole) on pool fire. The results showed that the pool radius is large when tank truck leakage occurs, and it is possible to affect other tank truck and to have a domino effect by causing other vehicles to catch fire when there is a fire. There are no regulations on the collection of leaking liquid in code Vehicle parking lot for dangerous goods in chemical industrial park. On the basis of referring to relevant standards and regulations, the countermeasures for tank car leakage were put forward, it provides theoretical basis for reducing the influence of the fire pool accident in the vehicle parking lot for dangerous goods. Related Articles | Metrics

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Numerical simulation on fire behavior of concrete wall in urban tunnel LIU Yang 2020, 39 (9):  1232-1235.  Abstract ( 1783 )   In order to explore the fire behavior law of urban tunnel concrete walls under fire, the finite element software ABAQUS was used to establish a three- dimensional concrete wall numerical model, and the temperature field distribution of the structure was simulated by numerical simulation method. The effects of factors such as wall thickness, concrete cover thickness and axial compression ratio on wall deformation were analyzed. The results showed that the temperature of the heated surface of the concrete wall rises rapidly under fire, and a large temperature gradient will be formed inside due to the thermal inertia of the concrete. The deflection change of a concrete wall can be divided into three stages when one side is subjected to fire, and the main factor affecting the deflection change of wall is the deviation of section neutral axis caused by the rapid deterioration of material performance caused by the high temperature of fire. Factors such as the thickness of the reinforced concrete wall, the concrete cover thickness and the axial compression ratio all have certain influence on the fire behavior and fireresistance performance of the concrete wall. The wall deflectionwill increase with the increase of the fire duration. Related Articles | Metrics

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Coupling risk of submarine pipeline leakage in marine ecological environment ZHANG Xin-sheng, HE Si-yu 2020, 39 (9):  1236-1240.  Abstract ( 1748 )   In order to reduce the risk of submarine pipeline leakage in the process of oil and gas transportation, the research on submarine pipeline leakage risk assessment is carried out. Firstly, based on the analysis of submarine pipeline leakage risk assessment index, the concept of trigger is introduced to analyze the formation mechanism of submarine pipeline leakage coupling risk. Secondly, through DEMATEL and coupling coordination theory, a submarine pipeline leakage risk coupling coordination model is constructed, and a submarine pipeline in the South China Sea is taken as an example to evaluate the submarine pipeline leakage risk. Finally, with the help of RBF neural network, compared with the coupling risk assessment, the results show that the coupling coordination degree has a more significant effect than the risk degree analysis. The conclusion shows that in the face of the complex and changeable marine ecological environment, in view of the leakage risk of submarine pipeline, the establishment of a coupled coordination model for risk assessment can quickly and accurately reflect the actual risk situation, and it is of guiding significance for the construction and operation of submarine pipelines and the protection of marine environment in the future. Related Articles | Metrics

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Experimental study on the atomization characteristics of fire spray GUO Peng-yu, WANG Ming-min, WU Liu-suo, WANG Jing-wei, CHEN Peng, REN Xiao-feng 2020, 39 (9):  1241-1244.  Abstract ( 1828 )   In order to analyze the atomization characteristics of water spray for transformer fire extinguishment, the spray particle size under different parameters was measured by an independently established limited space experiment system, and then the influence of nozzle installation angle, nozzle diameter and spray pressure on nozzle atomization characteristics was analyzed. The results show that: when the nozzle installation angle is 0 ̊,10 ̊,20 ̊,30 ̊,the characteristic particle diameters D10, D50,D90 and volume average particle diameter are negatively and positively correlated with spray pressure and nozzle diameter,respectively. At 4 MPa, each characteristic particle size value is the least. After comprehensive analysis, it can be seen that the optimal installation angle is when the nozzle installation angle is 10̊. Related Articles | Metrics

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Influence of automatic sprinkler system on the smoke characteristics of subway fire DAI Chang-qing, YUAN Hui 2020, 39 (9):  1245-1249.  Abstract ( 1812 )   Taking the island type subway platform as the research object, the numerical model was established by FDS software. The influence of automatic sprinkler system on the smoke characteristics of luggage fire in the middle of subway platform was calculated by numerical simulation.The results showed that the smoke spread speed and smoke temperature at the subway\platform will be restrained when there is automatic sprinkler system. The automatic sprinkler system has little effect on theCO mass concentration and smoke visibility in the smoke. The CO mass concentration in the smoke increases near the fire source, and decreases away from the fire source. The visibility of the smoke decreases near the fire source, and increases away from the fire source. Related Articles | Metrics

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Smart automatic sprinkler system software development ZHANG Qiang, WANG Hao-xuan, ZHANG Lei, ZHAO Hong-zhe, WANG Hai-juan, KAN Meng-han, BU Xiao-lan 2020, 39 (9):  1249-1252.  Abstract ( 1906 )   In view of the shortcomings of traditional automatic sprinkler system, such as long fire response time and passive activated,as well as the need to adapt to the development of fire Internet of things,based on big data, cloud computing and Internet of Things technology, a research scheme of intelligent automatic sprinkler system software was proposed. The traditional passive sprinkler system is upgraded to an smart automatic sprinkler system, which can realize remote monitoring and precise positioning of sprinkler status, activate group of sprinklers and early fire extinguishing.The system does not require personnel to be on duty 24 hours a day. The management personnel can carry out daily surveillance on the system and spray water in the early stage through terminals such as mobile phones, computers and tablets.Through the full-size fire test, the linkage applicatio performance of the system is verified, and the technical parameters obtained provide a reference for the engineering application of the system. Related Articles | Metrics

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Structure optimization and analysis of marine water mist fire extinguishing nozzle WANG Zhen, WANG Jie, CHEN Chao, LU Shu-hu, YIN Qun 2020, 39 (9):  1253-1256.  Abstract ( 1837 )   According to the atomization and fire extinguishing mechanism of the liquid, analyze the droplet formation and breaking process of the water mist, the factors that affect the atomization of the liquid, and the advantages and disadvantages of various marine water mist nozzle structures to obtain the basic requirements of water mist atomization for nozzles. The design of marine sprinklers uses spiral internal flow channels to make the liquid rotate strongly at indoors to increase the kinetic energy of the water mist, enhance the centrifugal atomization effect, and enhance the fire extinguishing capability. Using STARCCM+to compare and analyze the direct jet nozzle and the improved centrifugal nozzle, the flow field and the pressure, velocity, flow trace and the volume fraction of liquid water on the relevant surface in the flow field are obtained. The results show that the nozzles with a centrifugal structure with spiral flow channel can increase the spray radius, expand the protection range, and enhance the fire extinguishing effect. Related Articles | Metrics

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Development of multi-functional chemical decontamination fire truck ZHANG Jie, ZHOU Feng, LI Lin, FANG Ping, WANG Jun-jun 2020, 39 (9):  1257-1259.  Abstract ( 1971 )   According to the characteristics of major accidents of hazardous chemicals, actual demands of eliminating disposal are analyzed. Functional technical indicators of chemical decontamination fire truck are compared and analyzed. The new design of chemical decontamination fire truck is put forward. Its structure, components, work flow are introduced. This chemicals decontamination fire truck can get into contaminated areas to carry out emergency intelligent elimination, integrated disposal of detection and elimination, as well as personnel assistance. The truck has the capacity of public decontamination and intelligent elimination.The equipment support for chemical decontamination in points of positive pressure protection, integration of detection and elimination, assault disposal and intelligent elimination can be provided for fire and rescue team. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on arc fault simulation based on Schwarz model and wavelet analysis LI Wei-zhen, QU Na, ZHANG Shuai, ZHENG Tian-fang 2020, 39 (9):  1260-1263.  Abstract ( 1797 )   Studying Schwarz arc simulation model contributes to keeping away accidents caused by series arc faults. Simulating and contrasting nonlinear loaded circuit arc model can analyze the features of voltage and electricity by using Schwarz when circuit fails. Using the wavelet analysis to decompose electricity and then calculate energy of different frequency band. Finally we find energy's variation ratio coefficient of d6 frequency band is the biggest when there is an arc fault in the linear load circuit. And energy's variation ratio coefficient of Ea6 and d5 frequency band are the biggest when there is an arc fault in the nonlinear load circuit. So taking advantage of the feature can judge if circuit fault occurs by detecting electricity energy of d6, Ea6 and d5,and keep away accidents caused by series arc faults. Related Articles | Metrics

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Experimental study on smoke spreading law and fire detector response time of a passenger ship fire RAO Hui, XIAO Shu-ming, MEI Xiu-juan, LI Ming-xuan, ZHANG Hui, YU Lu 2020, 39 (9):  1264-1267.  Abstract ( 1811 )   Based on the field investigation of a luxury passenger ship, a simulation experiment platform for the smoke spreading in passenger cabin area of a passenger ship was built, the characteristics of smoke spreading were studied through typical combustion experiments. The temperature distribution at different heights in typical sections of the cabin and evacuation corridors and the response time of different types of marine fire detectors were obtained. According to the experimental results, suggestions on fire detector selection and smoke control of passenger ships are put forward, which can also provide some references for passenger ship evacuation analysis. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on location and effectiveness identification of fire extinguishing facilities MENG Hui-ling 2020, 39 (9):  1267-1270.  Abstract ( 2412 )   Intelligent fire control is an important part of the construction of intelligent city, it plays an important role in the innovation and development of fire control work. As the most common, most convenient and widely used fire- fighting facilities in the early stage of fire-fighting, fire extinguisher plays an important role in the initial fire-fighting and fire prevention and control, its effectiveness and integrity are the necessary conditions to put out the initial fire. The positioning and effectivenes identification system of fire- fighting facilities was established based on the advantages of internet of things and big data. The key technology, network architecture and technical characteristics of the system were introduced. The system can track, inspect and identify the service status, integrity, effectiveness and other functional characteristics of fire-fighting facilities such as fire extinguishers, to realize the intelligent management of fire extinguishing facilities, improve and optimize the construction of fire- fighting facilities, enhance the reliability of fire extinguishers, and give full play to the advantages of intelligent fire protection technology in the construction of intelligent city. Related Articles | Metrics

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Experimental study on fire extinguishing with alcohol-resistant compressed air foam ZHANG Xian-zhong, BAO Zhi-ming, JING Li-shuai, CHEN Yang 2020, 39 (9):  1271-1273.  Abstract ( 1823 )   Taking high stability compressed air foam fire extinguishing agent as research object, the 1.73 m2 standard fire test was used to compare the effects of different foam generation systems, different expansion and different fuel types on watersoluble liquid fire extinguishing with high stability alcohol- resistant compressed air foam. The experimental results showed that the foam stability, extinction time and burnback time of alcohol- resistant foam in compressed air foam system are significantly better than that of traditional foam system. The burnback performance of the foam decreases with the increase of expansion in compressed air foam system, and the acetone fire is more difficult to extinguish than ethanol fire. It is necessary to evaluate the fire extinguishing performance according to the target water-soluble liquid when selecting alcohol-resistant foam. Related Articles | Metrics

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Development of double-sided grille aerogel thermal insulation felt and study on its thermal protective properties REN Hong-yu, LIU Sha, CHEN Wei-wang, ZHANG Peng-ju, WANG Xin-chi 2020, 39 (9):  1274-1277.  Abstract ( 1783 )   Using aerogel as a heat- insulating functional component, several types of aerogel insulation felts with double-sided grille structure of different specifications were developed by template coating method.The air permeability and thermal protection performance of the double- sided grid aerogel insulation felt were measured and characterized by the digital air permeability meter and the hot plate method respectively，then the thermal protection mechanism was analyzed.The results show that the addition of aerogel and the optimized design of the fabric structure significantly improve the thermal protection performance of the fire protection thermal insulation fabric, and decrease the reduction of air permeability to the greatest extent. Moreover, the study shows that there is no significant correlation between the air permeability and the thickness of the coating, but the air permeability is directly proportional to the gap length of the grid.Among them, the aerogel coating with a thickness of 0.5 mm and a width of 2.5 mm has the best comprehensive performance, the air permeability is 138.91 mm/s, and the temperature difference between the inside and outside was increased by nearly 40 ℃ compared with uncoated fabric. Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on the generation of hydrogen fluoride by thermal decomposition of C6F-ketone extinguishing agent CHEN Pei-yao, ZHUANG Shuang, LIU Qi, LI Shu, LIU Hui-min 2020, 39 (9):  1277-1279.  Abstract ( 2038 )   Pyrolysis behaviors of C6F-ketone were simulated using a tube cracking furnace and the factors influence HF generation were studied. HF generation by C6F- ketone extinguishing agents from different production processes were compared, then HF generation was compared with C6F-ketone and other HFCs. The share of HF generated from thermal decomposition increased with decomposition temperature and residence time. The HF generation of C6F-ketone from differnt production technology were mostly the same. Compared with other HFCs, initial cracking temperature of C6F- ketone was lower(500 ℃ ), more HF was generated at low and moderate temperatures(550～750 ℃). Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of forest fires in representative countries and regions in the world in 2019 LI Wei-ke, YIN Ji-yan, GUO Zan-quan, GUO Ya-jiao, HU Tong-xin 2020, 39 (9):  1280-1284.  Abstract ( 2031 )   Forest fire is hard to dispose and rescue and is a worldwide problem because of its sudden and destructive nature. In 2019, the global climate was abnormal, extreme weather such as high temperature, drought, and strong wind increased, and large-scale forest fire erupted in many places. This article summarizes the occurrence and characteristics of forest fires in representative countries and regions in 2019 and analyzes the area, times and time distribution of fire and the related natural and social factors behind them, so as to provide some reference for forest fire prevention and control in our country. Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on reconnaissance of prescribed burning in Anning City GAO Zhong-liang, WEI Jian-heng, LONG Teng-teng, WANG Qiu-hua, ZHOU Ru-liang, SHU Li-fu 2020, 39 (9):  1285-1290.  Abstract ( 1738 )   Terrain, vegetation type and residential area are selected as influencing factors. The ArcGIS10.3 software is used to classify fire risk levels in Anning city. Based on the level of fire risk, prescribed burning reconnaissance in Anning city is researched in consideration of river, transportation and the distance from firefighting forces. The research shows that Anning city is divided into five fire risk levels, namely, lower risk level, low- risk level, high- risk level, higher risk level, and extremely high-risk level, accounting for 41.75％, 3.6％, 19.66％, 4.53％, and 31.46％ of the total area of Anning city respectively. Areas with the high fire risk level and above account for a large proportion and are highly prone to forest fires. The areas below the low- risk level are mainly distributed in river distribution areas, inflammable tree species distribution areas, and sparsely populated areas, which are concentrated in the north of Anning city. The areas above the high risk level are mainly distributed inflammable tree species distribution areas, areas with an altitude below 2 000 m and densely populated areas, mainly in the south of Anning city. The ignition priority for prescribed burning in Anning are highest risk areas, higher risk areas, high-risk areas,low- risk areas and lower risk areas successively, occupying 31.46％, 4.53％, 19.66％, 3.6％, 41.75％ of the total area of Anning city respectively. The priority is to burn the southern region,then the northwest region, then the eastern region, and finally other areas. The research results are able to provide technical support for forest fire prevention and prescribed burning of other areas in southwest China. Related Articles | Metrics

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Experimental research on Prusik knot force in rope rescue ZHANG Yu-hai 2020, 39 (9):  1290-1293.  Abstract ( 1849 )   In this paper, through indoor and outdoor experiments,the commonly used double and triple turns Prusik knots are measured with 10.5 mm and 12.5 mm main ropes.The force,deformation, and failure strength of Prusik knot are tested in different condition. According to the structural characteristics of Prusik knot and various force test results,the paper discusses the safety and stability of Prusik knot. Through introduction and research, it can provide a reference for the safe application of Prusik knot in the fire fighting and rescue work and give inspiration to the experimental research of other knots. Related Articles | Metrics

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An empirical study on effectiveness of winter physical fitness training of fire officers WU Cui-cui, SONG He-sheng, LI Xiao-sen 2020, 39 (9):  1294-1297.  Abstract ( 1865 )   In order to meet the need of "all kinds of disasters and great emergency" in the new period, a joint training mode of "fire brigade- professional coach- scientific research institution" was established, and a new physical skill training program was put forward for 12 weeks of empirical research. Taking the winter training of 36 fire fighters from Qiandongnan Fire and Rescue Division as objects, designed new physical training programs from the perspectives of local seasonal characteristics, disaster characteristics, project requirements, core physical skills and key technologies. Results showed that there was a significantdifference (P=0.00) between the experimental group and the control group before and after exercise, and the results of 5km running with load increased the most, which also reduced the occurrence of sports injury. It showed that the new training program can not only meet the needs of the current task , but also effectively improve the physical fitness level of the fire fighters, with a view to provide empirical reference and data for the practice of physical fitness training of firefighters in China. Related Articles | Metrics

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Experimental study on bearing capacity of anchor point with steel drill rod for rope rescue HE Zhong-quan 2020, 39 (9):  1297-1300.  Abstract ( 1851 )   The bearing capacity experiment of the steel drill anchor was carried out, and the bearing capacity of several typicalsteel drill anchor was researched through the data analysis and curve comparison to provide a reference for all kinds of rescue teams at all levels.The results showed that under the specified setting requirements,the bearing capacity of a single steel drill rod has little relationship with the depth of insertion into the soil. For the single steel drill rod, the insertion of 2/3 and 4/5 had the average bearing capacity of 4.199 kN and 4.564 kN respectively. The bearing capacity of the pickets system is significantly higher than that of a single picket,the average bearing capacity of two pickets system is 8.352 kN, and the average bearing capacity of three pickets system is 10.446 kN. Pickets system, especially the three pickets system, is the better choice if the conditions of actual field rope rescue permit. Related Articles | Metrics

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Design of a fire-fighting robot system for transformer substation ZHANG Wei, RUAN Peng-cheng, XU Yue, ZHANG Mao-chun, YU Ning-yuan, WANG Hai-lei 2020, 39 (9):  1301-1303.  Abstract ( 1863 )   To ensure the fire safety and put out a fire in time, a fire- fighting robot system is designed for substations. The system contains a robot and a supply equipment of fire medium. Adopted track chassis, the robot is equipped with infrared thermal imager, visible light camera, distance measuring sensor, etc. The fire apparatus on the robot can be adjusted vertically.Water, foam and superfine dry powder can be selected to deal with a fire. Dry powder is carried by the robot. Water and foam are supplied by the supply equipment. When fire alarm appears, the fire can be judged by the real time data acquired from the fire scene, and the movement of the robot can be controlled by the computer or remote control system. According to the fire behavior, water, foam or ultra- fine dry powder would be selected to put out a fire or cool down the devices in time. The surface temperature of the robot can be cooled down by a self-spraying system, so that the continuous working ability can be ensured in high temperature. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research and design of structural space active firefighting robot system LIU Yong-tao, SUN Rui-zhi, FAN Ya-min, LI Gua 2020, 39 (9):  1304-1308.  Abstract ( 1788 )   In the indoor structural space system, the early fire alarm is realized by means of vision, three band detection and laser smoke sensing. The path planning is completed by the supporting autonomous mobile firefighting robot, which carries the scene suitable fire extinguishing agent to the ignition point to implement the active firefighting. The design of this system can nip the fire in the bud and minimize the loss. Whether the robot can reach the fire point in the shortest time mainly depends on the algorithm of path planning. Therefore, ant colony algorithm and A* algorithm are studied. Finally, the optimal path planning of the robot is realized by improved A* algorithm. The task is based on LabVIEW software to complete the system development, and the function test is carried out in the laboratory field, so as to achieve the goal of robot active fire protection in the unattended situation. Related Articles | Metrics

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How to carry out combat capability evaluation in basic fire station ZHANG Jing 2020, 39 (9):  1309-1311.  Abstract ( 2069 )   The control ability, sustained ability and support ability of the fire rescue team in the attack stage, stalemate stage and decisive stage were expounded. The methods of pre-test estimation,field operation, analysis and comparison were used to evaluate the combat capability according to the contents of the three stages. Problems should be noticed on combat capability evaluation were put forward include that combined with the actual situation of the unit, combined with equipment evaluation test results, serving the actual combat and etc. Related Articles | Metrics

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Thinking on fire rescue force's response to 2019-nCoV pneumonia LUO Jun, ZHOU Xu-yi 2020, 39 (9):  1312-1315.  Abstract ( 1927 )   2019-nCoV pneumonia,the most serious public health emergency around the world in recent years, has put forward new requirements and challenges to duty and training of fire rescue teams. This paper concerns the main duty of fire rescue teams and the actual situation of Wenzhou firefighting and rescue, points out relevant experience and measures of fire and rescue teams during the 2019-nCoV pneumonia outbreak on safety protection, firefighting and rescue, and spray disinfection. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress of fingerprint recovery technology at fire scene HE Ming-jun, JIN Jing, DENG Liang, LI Yang, ZHANG Jin-zhuan 2020, 39 (9):  1316-1319.  Abstract ( 1922 )   In order to track the research progress on fingerprint recovery technology at fire scene, the relevant research in China and other countries were reviewed, from three aspects mainly including the change of different substance components in latent fingerprint under fire conditions,common fingerprint recovery methods and applicable conditions at fire scene, important factors influencing fingerprint recovery effect at fire scene.The existing problems and deficiencies in the current research were pointed out, and prospect for further development was proposed. Related Articles | Metrics

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Identification and analysis of a smoking fire accident DENG Yu-xin 2020, 39 (9):  1320-1322.  Abstract ( 2704 )   A smoking fire investigation was recorded. Against a warehouse fire, on the basis of field investigation and testimony of witnesses, breakthrough of survey was found from the surveillance video, and the complete chain of evidence was formed by simulation experiment. The fire point was finally identified, giving a certain significance for similar fire investigation. Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of the casualty causes of building fire accidents based on ISM model LIU Xin, XIE Chen-chen 2020, 39 (9):  1323-1327.  Abstract ( 1895 )   By sorting out 70 construction fire accident investigation reports, and using the keyword extraction method to extract causal factors, and combining frequency statistics, it is concluded that the human factor is the most critical in the construction stage, and the physical factor is the most critical in the use stage. Using the ISM method, from the perspective of man-object management-environment-others, an interpretative structural modeling of causation factors for fire accidents is established,and the logical relationship between the levels of each factor is analyzed, and the causes of the accidents at each hierarchy are obtained, which provides a basis for the prevention of building fire accidents. Related Articles | Metrics

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The identification of a fire accident review LIU Ying, JIN Nan 2020, 39 (9):  1327-1329.  Abstract ( 2204 )   Starting from a fire review case, extracting the trace evidence around the fire site, investigating and questioning the insiders, carrying out simulation experiments, and explaining fire developing rules combining with the fire characteristics,etc. were introduced. How to explain the fire review case, and win the understanding and approval of the relevant were discussed. The main links should be put attention to when handling fire accidents were summarized, so as to reduce the contradictions and disputes in the very beginning of fire accident investigations. Related Articles | Metrics