主管：中华人民共和国应急管理部
主办：应急管理部天津消防研究所
ISSN 1009-0029  CN 12-1311/TU
消防科学与技术

消防科学与技术 ›› 2026, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (1): 100-105.

• • 上一篇    下一篇

微型灭火模块对磷酸铁锂电池模组的抑火效果

周天念1, 刘美麟1, 陈宝辉1, 陈钦佩2, 邓捷1   

  1. （1.电网防灾减灾全国重点实验室（国网湖南省电力有限公司防灾减灾中心），湖南 长沙 410129； 2.应急管理部天津消防研究所，天津 300381）
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-26 修回日期:2025-08-25 出版日期:2026-01-15 发布日期:2026-01-15
  • 作者简介:周天念，电网防灾减灾全国重点实验室高级工程师，主要从事电网设备火灾防治技术研究，湖南省长沙市榔梨镇龙华路，410129。
  • 基金资助:
    国家电网有限公司总部管理科技项目（5108-202218280A-2-85-XG）

Fire suppression effect of the micro fire extinguishing apparatus on lithium-iron phosphate battery modules

Zhou Tiannian1, Liu Meilin1, Chen Baohui1, Chen Qinpei2, Deng Jie1   

  1. (1. State Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Reduction for Power Grid, State Grid Hunan Electric Company Limited Disaster Prevention and Reduction Center, Changsha Hunan 410129, China; 2. Tianjin Fire Science and Technology Research Institute of MEM, Tianjin 300381, China)
  • Received:2025-05-26 Revised:2025-08-25 Online:2026-01-15 Published:2026-01-15

摘要： 基于微型灭火模块开展磷酸铁锂储能电池模组在热失控初期的灭火特性研究，模块内部灌装了项目组前期研究开发的三元混合灭火介质。试验过程采用过热为触发条件，获得了电池开阀和热失控过程温升变化、临界温度、灭火行为特征等典型参数，可为储能电池包火灾防治提供指导。微型感温自动灭火模块可在3 s内扑灭磷酸铁锂储能电池模组热失控初起火灾，若无明火或电火花等引火源，电池火不会发生复燃。通过在储能电池包内预装微型灭火模块，可为其在运输、安装等无有效安全手段时提供防火保护。

关键词: 储能, 磷酸铁锂电池, 热失控, 电池火灾, 抑火效果

Abstract: A study on the fire suppression characteristics of lithium iron phosphate energy storage battery modules during the early stage of thermal runaway was conducted based on a micro fire suppression module. The module was filled with a ternary mixed fire extinguishing agent developed in earlier research by the project team. The experiment used overheating as the trigger condition and obtained key parameters such as temperature rise during battery venting and thermal runaway, critical temperatures, and fire suppression behavior characteristics, which can provide guidance for fire prevention in energy storage battery packs. The micro temperature-sensitive automatic fire suppression module can extinguish the initial fire of a lithium iron phosphate energy storage battery module during thermal runaway within 3 seconds. If no ignition sources such as open flames or electric sparks are present, the battery fire does not reignite. By pre-installing micro fire suppression modules in energy storage battery packs, fire protection can be provided during transportation, installation, and other scenarios where effective safety measures are unavailable.

Key words: energy storage, lithium-iron phosphate battery, thermal runaway, battery fire, fire suppression effect